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The area of a square with side length 3 is 9.

The solution calculates quartiles, deciles, percentiles, and the coefficient of skewness for a dataset of 21 values. It determines the dataset is negatively skewed.

The solution calculates the range, arithmetic mean, population variance, and standard deviation of the annual incomes of five vice presidents.

The mixed strategy Nash equilibria are (Pass, Pass) and (Two, Two). For (Pass, Pass), the expected utility for each player is 1. For (Two, Two), the expected utility for each player is 0.

The solution calculates quartiles, deciles, percentiles, and the coefficient of skewness for a dataset of 21 values. It demonstrates the relationships between these measures and concludes that the distribution is slightly negatively skewed.

The solution provides step-by-step calculations for relative and percent frequency distributions, bar graphs, pie charts, frequency distributions, cumulative frequency distributions, histograms, frequency polygons, and measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) and dispersion (variance, standard deviation) for sets of data related to soft drink purchases and audit times.

The provided text details the process of performing LU decomposition on a 4x4 matrix, including row swaps and elementary row operations to achieve an upper triangular matrix (U) and a lower triangular matrix (L). It also calculates the corresponding diagonal matrix (D) and permutation matrix (P) to complete the decomposition. The solution demonstrates the Gaussian elimination method to find the inverse of a 3x3 matrix.

The equation of the tangent line to the circle (x-3)^2 + (y-2)^2 = 25 at the point (-1, 5) is 4x - 3y + 19 = 0.

The solution finds the symmetric difference between two sets derived from inverse functions, demonstrating the application of set theory and function operations. It also proves a set identity involving unions and intersections of sets, and calculates derivatives of composite functions using the chain rule. Finally, it calculates probabilities of events involving coin tosses and dice rolls, and determines the probability of having 53 Sundays or Mondays in a leap year.

The determinant is evaluated by splitting it into two parts, factoring out terms, and using the Vandermonde determinant formula. The final result is expressed as a product of factors involving x, y, and z, and a term (1-xyz).